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Sleep Bruxism (Teeth Grinding)

Description

Nocturnal bruxism, grinding or clinching of teeth during sleep, is a common condition experienced by the majority of the population to some degree. This nighttime activation of the chewing reflex not only causes a grinding sound, but it can also damage the teeth. As a result of bruxism, teeth can get abnormal tooth wear, cracks, and chips. It can also cause receding gum lines. In very severe cases the pressure put on teeth is extremely high causing jaw pain, headaches, or even the collapse of unhealthy teeth.
The origin of this condition is currently not known. Most people are completely unaware of their nighttime oral activity. Dentists are often the first to notice the abnormal tooth wear and can diagnose the condition if it’s severe.
There are a few medications that are known to cause bruxism as a side effect.

Diagnosis

Characteristics of sleep bruxism include clenching or grinding of canines or incisors laterally or grinding of the molars. The friction is also occasionally accompanied with a loud grinding sound. Tooth damage and loss, as well as occlusal disease, can occur over time if the condition is severe. In addition daytime headaches, jaw pain, and atypical facial pain can also be an effect.

Treatment

There are overnight tests available to diagnose the presence and severity of nocturnal bruxism. Sufferers can also get dental guards and repositioning splints which are worn at night to reduce the dental damage.
There is no known cure for the condition.

Source: Adapted from International Classification of Sleep Disorders Diagnostic & Coding Manual, American Academy of Sleep Medicine.